Some milestones are the contribution to the green revolution with the semidwarf varieties, the new rice plant type and hybrid rice. Wheat is the staple food of many developed countries and constitutes the leading cereal in terms of total world production. Abstract heterosis and heterotic patterns are important factors exploited to the most. Provided here is a concise account of hybrid breeding in rice, a newly deployed breeding approach to increase the yield. Rice and wheat together constitute the worlds two most important food crops. Prospects of developing hybrid rice varieties elsewhere appear bright especially in countries that have organized seed production, certification and distribution programs and where hybrid seed can be produced at a reasonable cost.
Although they yielded between 5 and 6 tonnes per hectare, the milled rice from these varieties had an average grain length of 20 mm on cooking, as compared to 15 mm for pusa rh10, adds singh. An increase in productivity is always one of the main goals of any crop breeding program including rice. Super hybrid rice breeding is a new breeding method combining semidwarf breeding and heterosis breeding using germplasm and geneenvironment interactions. In the next lesson, we will observe in more detail the methods and systems used by one of the worlds most successful cereal breeding programs irris irrigated rice breeding program. Merger with potashcorp 4 discontinued operations 4 retail overview and 2017 results 5 wholesale overview and 2017 results 7 other nonoperating segment 2017 results 10. Materials and methods the value of blast resistance in hybrid rice. Review and prospects on rice breeding and extension in china yang shihua, cheng benyi, wu jianli, shen weifeng, c heng shihua china national rice research institute, hangzhou 36, china abstract. Analysis on genetic diversification and heterosis in. Heterotic grouping and its importance in tropical hybrid rice breeding srijan ambati thakur virender jeet singh department of genetics and plant breeding, college of agriculture, professor jayashankar telangana state agricultural university, hyderabad. Rice breeders have been very successful in improving the crop.
India is the second country to commercially exploit heterosis in rice after china. Studies on three countries in subsaharan africa ghana, malawi and kenya, two in asia bangladesh and thailand and one in latin america. Position description associatefull professor of hybrid rice. A regional strategy for sustainable hybrid rice development in asia with the contribution of all those attended the consultation meeting as well as those experts from fao, irri, apsa, ifpri and other national institutions. Molecular control of male fertility for crop hybrid breeding. On significance of heterotic group theory in hybrid rice breeding 97 ability analysis. Brief history of hybrid rice 1926 heterosis in rice reported 1964 china started hybrid rice research 1970 china discovered a commercially usable genetic tool for hybrid rice male sterility in a wild rice wide abortive 1973 ptgms rice was found in china 1974 first commercial threeline rice hybrid released in china. The development of hybrid rice breeding has occurred in three phases, each using a particular methodology. Hybrid rice breeding offers an important strategy to improve rice production, in which the cultivation of a male sterile line is the key to the success of cross breeding. This study provides insights in the utilization of gw6 for large grain and high yield rice breeding via molecular design breeding.
Nov 22, 2016 hybrid rice breeding offers an important strategy to improve rice production, in which the cultivation of a male sterile line is the key to the success of cross breeding. It has its own breeding programme and is already in the midst of implementing a contractfarming hybrid rice scheme in the northern state of kedah. Hybrid rice has proven to be an effective way to enhance rice production. Molecular improvement of grain weight and yield in rice by. Although genetic models for heterosis have been rigorously tested, the molecular bases remain elusive. Hence, arises the urgent need to increase rice production and of the several available options, hybrid rice technology is. Plant breeding and seed systems for rice, vegetables.
The international rice research institute irri was established in 1960 by the ford and rockefeller. Evaluation of yield, reaction to diseases, and grain physical. Genetic composition of yield heterosis in an elite rice hybrid gang zhou, ying chen, wen yao, chengjun zhang, weibo xie, jinping hua1, yongzhong xing, jinghua xiao, and qifa zhang2 national key laboratory of crop genetic improvement and national centre of plant gene research wuhan, huazhong agricultural university. The first generation offspring of a rice cross between two genetically diverse parents. Hybrid rice research is being conducted in 12 rice research centers of india. Breeding strategies for increasing yield potential in. Heterosis breeding is the one of the strongest tool for breeder to complete targated demand of 2030 as rice is self pollinated species male sterility is essential for hybrid rice production. We will also examine the structure of several of irris other pedigree breeding programs. Seeds harvested from the hybrid plant are not recommended for replanting because the hybrid vigor is lost because of genetic.
These comprehensive results provide insight into how hybrid rice adoption in the midsouth affects producer livelihoods, food security, and environmental sustainability. Hybrid rice panicles 2 on top and panicle from an inbred below the disadvantages of hybrid rice are. Manual for hybrid rice seed production download ebook. Soda pdf merge tool allows you to combine two or more documents into a single pdf file for free. Ir36 and ir42 yield 45 tha in wet season trials and 78 tha in dry season trials. Merger with potashcorp 4 discontinued operations 4 retail overview and 2017 results 5. Consequently, f1 rice hybrid have been successfully developed and used in china. Rice breeding for extremely higher yielding ability by japonicaindica hybridization by chukichi kaneda department of summer crop science, national agriculture research center yatabe, ibaraki, 305 japan as for the rice yields per unit area, japan is one of the leading countries i. Breeding highyield superior quality hybrid super rice by. Organization of hybrid rice breeding program using cms system. To explore and exploit the heterosis of polyploid hybrid rice, two photoperiod and thermosensitive genic male sterile. Studies on three countries in subsaharan africa ghana, malawi and kenya, two in asia bangladesh and thailand and one in. The phenomenon, known as hybrid vigor or heterosis, was systematically characterized by charles darwin 1876. Hybrid rice has contributed greatly to the selfsufficiency of food supply in china.
Breeding rice for droughtprone environments 2 about this manual the breeding approach is to know the target environment in which the improved varieties are to be grown and ensure that the testing environments represent that environment. Rice is one of the most important crops in the world, and is also a model monocot species for molecular biology research. Comparative performance of hybrid and elite inbred rice. March 2000 february 2005 an update has been written for this document, available here introduction. The rediscovery of heterosis in maize a century ago has revolutionized plant and animal breeding and production. This program relies mainly on conventional breeding strategy for crossing and selection of desirable progenies based on phenotypes. Farmer knowledge across the commodification spectrum.
Research on heterosis, male sterility systems, outcrossing mechanisms. In order to clarify it, two field experiments were conducted including two popular indica hybrids brri hybrid dhan2 and heera2 and one elite inbred brri dhan45 rice varieties. In 1990s, new plant type and super rice breeding sponsored by. Super hybrid rice in china peng jiming professor china national hybrid rice research and development centre dec. More than 35 hybrid rice varieties have been released in india till now. Heterosis and hybrid rice breeding sant singh virmani.
On significance of heterotic group theory in hybrid rice breeding. The other company pushing hybrid rice along in malaysia is the palm oil conglomerate sime darby. Rice and cotton are only two points on a spectrum of commodification. Heterosis and combining ability analysis for yield and quality traits in. Experts on maize and rice were seldom present together and communicated the utilization of maize and rice heterosis at academic conferences on both crops, which hindered the. The strategy document was endorsed by the country representatives and other. Download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf advances in rice breeding, genetics and genomics article pdf available in molecular breeding 114. Most of super rice breeding programs in china have used intersubspecies heterosis cheng et al. Based on these materials, and the experience of hybrid rice scientists from china and irri, this training manual on the twoline hybrid breeding method has been prepared, which expands upon the hybrid rice breeding manual published earlier by irri. Current status and future prospects for breeding hybrid. Review and prospects on rice breeding and extension in china. Evolution of patent citation network for hybrid rice breeding tianhua song 1,2, a and qingpu zhang 2,b 1 library harbin institute of technology, 73, huanghe road, harbin 150090, china. We expect our acquisition of a hybrid rice breeding facility, which is expected to.
Research article breeding three line rice hybrids with. Hybrid breeding in maize and rice as well as in other crops has made a significant contribution to the increase of crop yield. This improvement is not always translated to the grain yield and its physiological causes are still unclear. The success of super hybrid rice breeding in china and progress in npt breeding at irri suggest that the ideotype approach is effective for breaking the yield ceiling of an irrigated rice. Hybrid rice breeding in china lin shihcheng and yuan loungping male sterility in rice and its potential use in breeding j.
Traditional and modern plant breeding methods with examples. Click download or read online button to get manual for hybrid rice seed production book now. Most of academic papers on hybrid rice breeding had no reference to hybrid maize. Global hybrid rice seeds market report 2019 market size, share, price, trend and forecast is a professional and indepth study on the current state of the global hybrid rice seeds industry. Feb 27, 2017 rice is one of the most important staple foods. In 1971 china accepted hybrid rice research as a national cooperative project and in the year 1976, hybrid rice became a reality in china, for the first time in world, by the release of commercial rice hybrids suited for subtropical and temperate zones. Twoline hybrid rice breeding manual rice knowledge bank. Difficult in breeding intersubspecific hybrid rice low seed set tall plant height poor grainfilling late maturity grain quality market solution for breeding of intersubspecific hybrid rice wide compatibility wc genes allelic dwarf gene indicajavanica hybrids in indica rice growing region japonicajavanica hybrids in japonica rice growing. Hybrid rice breeding manual books international rice research. Solution for breeding of inter subspecific hybrid rice. To meet the future demand for rice production, a national program on super rice breeding was established in china in 1996.
Rice is the most important food crop of the developing world and the demand for it is growing. The production, consumption, and environmental impacts of. Towards molecular breeding and improvement of rice in china. The main breeding method used to improve rice is the pedigree, but development of hybrids and population improvement are added to the breeders. In india, aprh1 is the first hybrid rice variety released in 1994. Hybrid rice breeding uses several concepts, skills, and procedures which are strikingly. Research article breeding three line rice hybrids with good. The discovery of cms in rice athwal and virmani, 1972 suggested that breeding could develop a commercially viable f 1 hybrid. Genetic composition of yield heterosis in an elite rice hybrid. Buy an introduction to hybrid rice breeding on free shipping on qualified orders. A large number of new varieties, especially hybrid rice, have been developed and released in china since 1998. This study on plant breeding and seed systems for rice, vegetables, maize and pulses in bangladesh is an input to a sixcountry study of plant breeding and seed systems. Molecular mechanisms of polyploidy and hybrid vigor. Studies conducted at the international rice research institute irri during 1980 and 1981 have shown up to 73% heterosis, 59% heterobeltiosis and 34% standard heterosis for yield in rice.
These must be learned by plant breeders before initiating a comprehensive hybrid rice breeding programme. Hybrid rice breeding uses several concepts, skills and procedures which are strikingly different from those used for inbreds rice breeding. The identification of more malesterility genes and understanding of gene function in different crops is the highest priority for hybrid crop breeding. Hybrid rice varieties have higher yield potential over inbred varieties. The future of hybrid rice in india lies in breeding not just for yields, but also for quality, regional preferences, and pest and disease resistance. Salary and appointment will be highly competitive and commensurate with experience. The promising hybrids yielded 2030% lin and yuan, 1980 and. We expect our acquisition of a hybrid rice breeding facility, which is expected to commence commercial sales in 2020, to support our proprietary seed portfolio and future growth potential. Towards molecular breeding and improvement of rice in china yonghong wang, yongbiao xue and jiayang li institute of genetics and developmental biology, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china china is the largest producer and consumer of rice in the world and a pioneer in applying hybrid rice technology.
Pdf merge combinejoin pdf files online for free soda pdf. Rice breeding for extremely higher yielding ability by. Research on heterosis, male sterility systems, outcrossing mechanisms, diseaseinsect. Successful utilization of semidwarf gene and heterosis are characterized as two green revolutions which led to big breakthroughs in rice yield in china. In the town of malaybalay, on the southern island of mindanao, in the philippines, there is a sign on the highway that reads. The major goal is to breed new rice cultivars for consumption of domesticated animals such as cattle, pig, and chicken, and establish selfsufficiency in livestock feed supply. About 20 30 % yield advantage of hybrid rice should be than commercialcheck. Therefore, breeding hybrid rice resistant to bph is the most effective and economical strategy to maintain high and stable production. Evolution of patent citation network for hybrid rice breeding.
Hybrid rice exploits the phenomenon of hetrosis which can increase the yield potential over hyvs. Plant breeding and seed systems for rice, vegetables, maize. Pdf advances in rice breeding, genetics and genomics. The development of hybrid rice is a practical approach for increasing rice production. Rice aims to fill a glaring void in basic and applied plant science journal publishing. This paper analyzes and demonstrates the progress and trends on rice breeding. Breeding and study of two new photoperiod and thermo. Genetically modified gm hybrid cotton seeds are bred and sold exclusively by agribusiness, crossed between parent or grandparent and child lines and failing to produce hybrid vigour if replanted. Traditional and modern plant breeding methods with examples in rice oryza sativa l. Increase in grain yield potential is the major goal of almost all rice breeders programs. The latter was estimated in comparison to commercial varieties. Farmers can not use their seed from the past season like they can with inbred rice. Hybrid breeding has been an important method of increasing grain yield of rice and intersubspecific crosses, such as indica and japonica, showed a great potential to raise grain yield than other crosses yuan 1987. This journal is the worlds only highquality serial publication for reporting current advances in rice genetics, structural and functional genomics, comparative genomics, molecular biology and physiology, molecular breeding and comparative biology.
Molecular breeding of rice restorer lines and hybrids for. Department of rice, centre for plant breeding and genetics, tamil nadu agricultural university, coimbatore 641 003,tamil nadu, india. The international rice research institute irri has offered several shortterm training courses in hybrid rice breeding. We use your linkedin profile and activity data to personalize ads and to show you more relevant ads. However, many goals can be identified for this crop varying in importance from region to region, country to country, and even within a given country. Nucleus and breeder seed production of a, b, r, and tgms lines.
930 540 716 436 769 491 1557 927 430 1483 558 591 1375 847 1492 1015 1551 1321 814 995 391 604 1067 998 611 60 841 1001 540 860 273 964 205 161 72